Cotton fibres

 INTRODUCTION

Cotton is a soft, fluffy fibre that grows inside a boll in Cotton Plant, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus Gossypium in the mallow family Malvaceae. This fiber is cellulosic fibre, and can contain minor percentages of impurities in it. . Under natural conditions, the cotton bolls will increase the dispersal of the seeds.



PROPERTIES

Density: 1.52-1.53 g/cc

longitudinal view:- Cylindrical, twisted ribbon like structure



Cross sectional view:- beam shaped or Kidney shaped



Burning Test:-  When Cotton fibres are burnt in flame , it burns continuously with Orange coloured flame. And during burning it gives burnt paper like smell and after burning it give no ash or sometimes gives ash  which is crushable by fingers and it is converted into powder.

Solubility Test:- When tuft of cotton fibre is put into 70% Sulphuric acid it dissolves completely in it.


COMPONENTS:-

Cellulose- 94%

Protein- 1.3%

Pectic matter- 1.2%

Wax- 0.6%

Ash- 1.2%

Pigment- 0.3%

Others-1.4%


FIBRE MORPHOLOGY

Under a microscope, Cotton fibre appears as a very fine fibre. The length of cotton Fibres generally lies is Between  18-40 mm .Actually the length of cotton fibre varies depending on its species. The spinnability of cotton fibre increases with the increase of  length of fibre. It is able to produce more comfortable, more durable and more attractive fabric and garments. The range of cotton fibre diameter lies in between 10- 22 micrometer. If we tell about the Breadth ratio of cotton fibre, it is 6000:1 for longer type of yarn and for shorter type it is 350:1. (Actually breadth ratio is the ratio in between the length and diameter of a fibre) .The degree of Polymerization for cotton fibre is 5000.

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