CELL MEMBRANE: FLUID MOSAIC MODEL

 Introduction:-

The Fluid mosaic Model  of Cell Membrane was first described by the Scientists SINGER AND NICOLSON  at 1972.  According to them , the cell membrane is a semi-fluid organization whose fluid nature is expressed by Bilayers of Lipids . In the bilayers of the lipid, the Proteins are present as a floating elements. 


Description of the whole model:-

(I) The nature of the Fluid mosaic model is denoted by Bilayers of Lipid. Adding with Phosphate the lipids  made Phospholipid. 


(II) The two ends of the lipid molecules are called Polar End(Outer Part) & Non Polar End(Inner Part). 


(III) The non Polar  ends are Hydrophobic and Polar ends are hydrophilic  in nature


(IV) The lipid molecules are liquid in nature as they are made by Unsaturated Fatty acids


(V) With the presence of liquid and protein there are some amount of carbohydrate in the cell Membrane


(VI) Adding with Lipid they made glycolipid and adding with protein they made glycoprotein.


(VII) There are three types of Proteins present in the Fluid Mosaic Model. They are-

     (a) Intrigal Protein:-

          These type of proteins are submerged in the bilayer of the lipids and they can not be separated easily. 

      (b) Extrinsic Protein:-

          Proteins that remain in the semi-submerged state of the lipid bilayer are known as Extrinsic protein.Since they are associated with weak electrical bonds with lipids, so they can be separated easily from the structure. 

       (C) Membrane Protein:- 

          Adjacent to the membrane, these proteins help the ion to transport from one end to another. 





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